PHOTOVOLTAIC AND SOLAR CELLS

PHOTOVOLTAIC AND SOLAR CELLS

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Technologies and Testing Solutions

Photovoltaic and Solar Cells  include various technologies such as:

  • Multi-junction cells
  • GaAs (Gallium Arsenide)
  • Crystalline silicon
  • Thin-film (e.g., CdTe)
  • Emerging technologies: Organic Photovoltaics (OPV), Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC), Quantum Dots, and Perovskites

The efficiencies of these cells range from over 40% for advanced technologies to as low as 5% for emerging ones. The main focus for improvement is on: efficiency and lifetime.

Measurement Solutions for Photovoltaic and Solar Cells

Princeton Applied Research and Solartron Analytical provide state-of-the-art tools for studying the fundamental characteristics of photovoltaic and solar cells:

  • Potentiostats/Galvanostats
  • DC Materials Characterization Tools
  • Compatibility with third-party solar simulators for I-V analysis, including:
    • Cell efficiency
    • Fill Factor
    • Isc and Voc

Advanced Testing Techniques

  1. Transfer Function Tests
    • IMPS (Intensity Modulated Photocurrent Spectroscopy)
    • IMVS (Intensity Modulated Photovoltage Spectroscopy)

    These tests measure charge recombination, electron diffusion, and other critical properties.

  2. Spectral Response Measurements (IPCE)
    • The IPCE module for the XM PhotoEchem system provides 10 nm resolution, compliant with ASTM standards.
    • Wide spectral range: 350 nm – 1100 nm.
  3. Impedance Testing
    • Evaluates carrier concentrations, mobilities, and trap states.
    • Instruments like the Model 1260A Impedance Gain Phase Analyzer are ideal for high-frequency analysis up to 32 MHz.

Configurable Systems for Photovoltaic Testing

ModuLab XM ECS Test System

A highly flexible system designed for photovoltaic and solar cells, offering:

  • High-performance impedance and capacitance measurements.
  • Fast DC measurement techniques (pulse, ramp, staircase).

ModuLab XM MTS Test System

Equipped with optional modules such as:

  • High voltage
  • 2A booster
  • Femto ammeter

This system performs multi-sine analysis to reduce testing time for low-frequency investigations.

 

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